What
is Trans fat:
There are 2 types of fat
available - saturated fat and unsaturated fat. Fat consists of a
long hydrocarbon chain. The unsaturated Fats compound consists of double
bonds (A double bond in chemistry is a chemical bond between two
chemical elements involving four bonding electrons instead of the usual two).
Trans Fat, or trans fatty acid, trans unsaturated fatty acid, is kind
of a unsaturated fat that occurs in a small amount in nature but became
artificially mass-produced industrially from vegetable fats for use in
Margarine, snack food, packaged baked goods and deep frying fast food.
It is the fact that,
TransFat created artificially by food industrialist for the business interest.
Our body doesn’t require any trans fat, which is acknowledged by numerous
health specialist, dietician, and food scientist. In fact, it is a bigger
threat than malnutrition.
Why Transfat is not good
for health :
Most research shows that
consumption of Trans Fat, increase LDL (Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of
the five major groups of lipoprotein which transport all
Fat molecules around the body in the extracellular water) level. Due to the increase of LDL Level,
Cholesterol level increased. Following health risks are associated due to high
consumption of Trans fat: Coronary Artery Disease, Diabetes, Obesity, Liver
Dysfunction, Infertility in Women, major depressive disorder.
Food Group, which contains
Trans Fat :
Shortenings,
margarine/spreads, butter, whole milk, bread/cake products, cookies &
crackers, salty snacks, cake frostings and sweets, animal fat, ground beef.
History:
1890 – Nobel Laureate
Paul Sabatier develop the chemistry of hydrogenation of vapor.
1901 – German Chemist,
Wilhelm Normann proofed that Vegetable Oil can be hydrogenated and patented
this in 1902.
1905-1910 – In Germany
and England – mass production of the fat-hardening process get momentum. Norman
in Herford, Germany establishes a fat hardening facility and In
Warrington, England - a large scale factory established by Joseph Crosfield & Sons,
Limited.
In,1909, the Warrington plant started production with a capacity of 3000 MT per
Year. In,1909, Procter and Gamble, got the US rights to the Normann Patent.
1911
- P& G they started selling the 1st hydrogenated
shortening from hydrogenated cottonseed oil. The brand name was “CRISCO”.
1936
– Lever Brothers started marketing under the brand name of “Spry” in England.
Production of trans fats steadily increased till 1960.
1956
- in Scientific journal/literature, there was a suggestion that trans fat
is the cause of the increasing number of coronary artery diseases but it
remained largely unaddressed till three decades.
In
the 1990s, it was mandatory for all food manufacturers to mention the trans fat
information on their product labels in most developed countries.
2003-
The World Health Organization recommended that consumption of trans fat should
not be more than 1% of a person’s diet.
2018-The World Health Organization announced 6 phase
guide towards eradicating industrially produced trans fatty acid from the
global food supply chain.
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